SAP Gateway Version Support

The connector leverages the SAP Gateway API to enable bidirectional access to SAP services that use the gateway. This includes but is not limited to S/4 HANA, S/4 HANA Cloud, ERP, and any other editions that support the SAP Gateway.

Connecting to SAP Gateway

Set the following connection properties to access SAP Gateway tables.

• URL: Set this to the URL of your environment, or to the full URL of the service. For example, the full URL might appear as: https://sapes5.sapdevcenter.com/sap/opu/odata/IWBEP/GWSAMPLE_BASIC/. In this example, the environment URL would just be: https://sapes5.sapdevcenter.com.
• Namespace: Set the appropriate Service Namespace. In the example above, IWBEP is the namespace. It is optional if the full URL to the service is specified.
• Service: Set this to the service you want to retrieve data from. In the example above, the service is GWSAMPLE_BASIC. It is not required if the full URL is specified.

Authenticating to SAP Gateway

SAP Gateway allows both basic and OAuth 2.0 authentication. You can use basic authentication to connect to your own account, or you can use OAuth to enable other users to retrieve data from your service with their accounts.

Authenticate using Basic Authentication

In basic authentication, you use your login credentials to connect. Set the following properties:

• AuthScheme: Set this to Basic.
• User: This is the username you use to log in to SAP Gateway.
• Password: This is the password you use to log in to SAP Gateway.

Authenticate using OAuth Authentication

You can connect without setting any connection properties for your user credentials. Set InitiateOAuth to GETANDREFRESH to avoid repeating the OAuth exchange and manually setting the OAuthAccessToken.

When you connect, the connector opens the SAP Gateway OAuth endpoint in your default browser. Log in and grant permissions to the connector. The connector then completes the following OAuth process:

1. Extracts the access token from the callback URL and authenticates requests.
2. Obtains a new access token when the old one expires.
3. Saves OAuth values in OAuthSettingsLocation to be persisted across connections.

See Using OAuth Authentication for other OAuth authentication flows.

Authenticate using API Key

To connect using an ApiKey, set the APIKey property, and you are ready to connect.

In order to acquire an APIKey, open the Developer Portal and select the Product or Service for which you have published the API. Then, click on Subscribe > Create a new Application. After filling the necessary information and creating the application, the Application Key is going to be displayed. You can copy this value into the APIKey connection property.

You may set the AuthScheme to Token to enforce the Token based Authentication scheme.

OAuth requires the authenticating user to interact with SAP Gateway using the browser. The connector facilitates this in various ways as described below.

Custom Credentials

You can register an app to obtain the OAuthClientId and OAuthClientSecret.
NOTE : The password you choose when creating a service user as explained in Creating a Custom OAuth App, must be provided via OAuthClientSecret property.

When to Create a Custom OAuth App

You need to create a custom OAuth app in order to connect to SAP Gateway.

Creating a Custom OAuth App

See Creating a Custom OAuth App for information on how to create a custom app.

When to Use a Custom OAuth App

Creating a custom OAuth app is required all cases when connecting via OAuth.

Desktop Authentication with a Custom OAuth App

Follow the steps below to authenticate with the credentials for a custom OAuth app. See Creating a Custom OAuth App for more information.

Get and Refresh the OAuth Access Token

After setting the following, you are ready to connect:

• OAuthClientId: Set this to the client ID assigned when you registered your app.
• OAuthClientSecret: Set this to the client secret assigned when you registered your app.
• Scope: Set this to the permissions you specified during Creating a Custom OAuth App.
• CallbackURL: Set this to the redirect URI defined when you registered your app.
• InitiateOAuth: Set this to GETANDREFRESH. You can use InitiateOAuth to avoid repeating the OAuth exchange and manually setting the OAuthAccessToken.

When you connect the connector opens the OAuth endpoint in your default browser. Log in and grant permissions to the application. The connector then completes the OAuth process:

1. Extracts the access token from the callback URL and authenticates requests.
2. Refreshes the access token when it expires.
3. Saves OAuth values in OAuthSettingsLocation to be persisted across connections.

Using OAuth on a Headless Machine

To create SAP Gateway data sources on headless servers or other machines on which the connector cannot open a browser, you need to authenticate from another machine. Authentication is a two-step process.

1. Instead of installing the connector on another machine, you can follow the steps below to obtain the OAuthVerifier value. Or, you can install the connector on another machine and transfer the OAuth authentication values, after you authenticate through the usual browser-based flow.
2. You can then configure the connector to automatically refresh the access token from the headless machine.

You can follow the headless OAuth authentication flow using the OAuth credentials for your custom OAuth app.

Using the Credentials for a Custom OAuth App

Create a Custom OAuth App

Creating a custom OAuth app is required in the headless OAuth flow.

See Creating a Custom OAuth App for a procedure. You can then follow the procedures below to authenticate and connect to data.

Obtain a Verifier Code

Set the following properties on the headless machine:

• InitiateOAuth: Set this to OFF.
• OAuthClientId: Set this to the Client ID in your app settings.
• OAuthClientSecret: Set this to the Client Secret in your app settings.
• Scope: Set this to the permissions you specified during Creating a Custom OAuth App.

You can then follow the steps below to authenticate from another machine and obtain the OAuthVerifier connection property.

1. Call the GetOAuthAuthorizationURL stored procedure* with the CallbackURL input parameter set to the exact Redirect URI you specified in your app settings.
2. Open the returned URL in a browser. Log in and grant permissions to the connector. You are then redirected to the callback URL, which contains the verifier code.
3. Save the value of the verifier code. You will set this in the OAuthVerifier connection property.

On the headless machine, set the following connection properties to obtain the OAuth authentication values:

• OAuthClientId: Set this to the consumer key in your app settings.
• OAuthClientSecret: Set this to the consumer secret in your app settings.
• Scope: Set this to the permissions you specified during Creating a Custom OAuth App.
• OAuthVerifier: Set this to the verifier code.
• OAuthSettingsLocation: Set this to persist the encrypted OAuth authentication values to the specified file.
• InitiateOAuth: Set this to REFRESH.

After the OAuth settings file is generated, set the following properties to connect to data:

• OAuthClientId: Set this to the consumer key in your app settings.
• OAuthClientSecret: Set this to the consumer secret in your app settings.
• Scope: Set this to the permissions you specified during Creating a Custom OAuth App.
• OAuthSettingsLocation: Set this to the file containing the encrypted OAuth authentication values. Make sure this file gives read and write permissions to the provider to enable the automatic refreshing of the access token.
• InitiateOAuth: Set this to REFRESH.

Transfer OAuth Settings

Follow the steps below to install the connector on another machine, authenticate, and then transfer the resulting OAuth values.

On a second machine, install the connector and connect with the following properties set:

• OAuthSettingsLocation: Set this to a writable text file.
• InitiateOAuth: Set this to GETANDREFRESH.
• OAuthClientId: Set this to the client ID assigned when you registered your app.
• OAuthClientSecret: Set this to the client secret assigned when you registered your app.
• Scope: Set this to the permissions you specified during Creating a Custom OAuth App.
• CallbackURL: Set this to the Redirect URI you specified in your app settings.

Test the connection to authenticate. The resulting authentication values are written, encrypted, to the path specified by OAuthSettingsLocation. Once you have successfully tested the connection, copy the OAuth settings file to your headless machine. On the headless machine, set the following connection properties to connect to data:

• InitiateOAuth: Set this to REFRESH.
• OAuthClientId: Set this to the consumer key in your app settings.
• OAuthClientSecret: Set this to the consumer secret in your app settings.
• Scope: Set this to the permissions you specified during Creating a Custom OAuth App.
• OAuthSettingsLocation: Set this to the path to your OAuth settings file. Make sure this file gives read and write permissions to the connector to enable the automatic refreshing of the access token.

When to Create a Custom OAuth App

Creating a custom OAuth app is required in all cases.

To create a custom OAuth app, follow the steps in this article, OAuth 2.0 Client Registration

Note: Redirect URL needs to be set to https://oauth.cdata.com/oauth/ in APP AuthMode flow.

Stored Procedures

• The stored procedures features described in this documentation are not currently supported.
• Because stored procedures are not currently supported, any feature dependent on stored procedures is also currently not supported.

Configuration Files and Their Paths

• All references to adding configuration files and their paths refer to files and locations on the Jitterbit Harmony Agent where the connector is installed. These paths are to be adjusted as appropriate depending on the agent and the operating system. If multiple agents are used in an agent group, identical files will be required on each agent.

This section details a selection of advanced features of the SAP Gateway connector.

User Defined Views

The connector allows you to define virtual tables, called user defined views, whose contents are decided by a pre-configured query. These views are useful when you cannot directly control queries being issued to the drivers. See User Defined Views for an overview of creating and configuring custom views.

SSL Configuration

Use SSL Configuration to adjust how connector handles TLS/SSL certificate negotiations. You can choose from various certificate formats; see the SSLServerCert property under "Connection String Options" for more information.

Proxy

To configure the connector using Private Agent proxy settings, select the Use Proxy Settings checkbox on the connection configuration screen.

The Jitterbit Connector for SAP Gateway allows you to define a virtual table whose contents are decided by a pre-configured query. These are called User Defined Views, which are useful in situations where you cannot directly control the query being issued to the driver, e.g. when using the driver from Jitterbit. The User Defined Views can be used to define predicates that are always applied. If you specify additional predicates in the query to the view, they are combined with the query already defined as part of the view.

There are two ways to create user defined views:

• Create a JSON-formatted configuration file defining the views you want.
• DDL statements.

Defining Views Using a Configuration File

User Defined Views are defined in a JSON-formatted configuration file called UserDefinedViews.json. The connector automatically detects the views specified in this file.

You can also have multiple view definitions and control them using the UserDefinedViews connection property. When you use this property, only the specified views are seen by the connector.

This User Defined View configuration file is formatted as follows:

• Each root element defines the name of a view.
• Each root element contains a child element, called query, which contains the custom SQL query for the view.

For example:

{
	"MyView": {
		"query": "SELECT * FROM SampleTable_1 WHERE MyColumn = 'value'"
	},
	"MyView2": {
		"query": "SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Id IN (1,2,3)"
	}
}

Use the UserDefinedViews connection property to specify the location of your JSON configuration file. For example:

"UserDefinedViews", "C:\Users\yourusername\Desktop\tmp\UserDefinedViews.json"

Schema for User Defined Views

User Defined Views are exposed in the UserViews schema by default. This is done to avoid the view's name clashing with an actual entity in the data model. You can change the name of the schema used for UserViews by setting the UserViewsSchemaName property.

Working with User Defined Views

For example, a SQL statement with a User Defined View called UserViews.RCustomers only lists customers in Raleigh:

SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE City = 'Raleigh';

An example of a query to the driver:

SELECT * FROM UserViews.RCustomers WHERE Status = 'Active';

Resulting in the effective query to the source:

SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE City = 'Raleigh' AND Status = 'Active';

That is a very simple example of a query to a User Defined View that is effectively a combination of the view query and the view definition. It is possible to compose these queries in much more complex patterns. All SQL operations are allowed in both queries and are combined when appropriate.

Customizing the SSL Configuration

By default, the connector attempts to negotiate SSL/TLS by checking the server's certificate against the system's trusted certificate store.

To specify another certificate, see the SSLServerCert property for the available formats to do so.

The Jitterbit Connector for SAP Gateway models SAP Gateway entities in relational Tables, Views, and Stored Procedures. The table definitions are dynamically obtained from the OData service you connect to. Any changes in the metadata, such as added or removed columns or changes in data type, can be loaded by reconnecting.

Tables

The connector models the writable entity sets and singletons described in the service metadata document as bidirectional Tables.

Views

Some OData entities can only be accessed through Navigation Properties. By default, the connector models navigation properties as separate views. See Views for more information on querying navigation properties.

Stored Procedures

NOTE: Stored procedures are not currently supported. See the above note for details.

Stored Procedures are function-like interfaces to the data source. They can be used to search, update, and modify information in the data source.

The connector exposes tables for every entity set and singleton defined on the OData service document. Entities on these tables may be inserted, updated, or deleted using standard SQL insert, update, or delete statements.

Executing Deep Inserts with SQL

The connector supports OData deep inserts, in which you simultaneously create a base entity and link it to related entities, by specifying navigation properties. To specify Navigation Properties for an entity, you create a temporary table for the navigation property and then reference the temporary table in the insert to the base table. Reference the temporary table in the appropriate navigation property column on the base table. Each navigation property column is prefixed with the word "Linked".

Note that you must define the temporary tables and insert to the base entity within the same connection.

Example: Deep Inserts in SAP Gateway

For example, consider the GWSAMPLE_BASIC service. On GWSAMPLE_BASIC, there is a SalesOrder table. When creating a SalesOrder, you must specify a new SalesOrderLineItem and an existing BusinessPartner. To do so, you can specify the following navigation properties.

Creating Temporary Tables

Insert the related entities into temporary tables that correspond to each navigation property. You can specify an existing entity's primary key or you can insert a new entity.

• SalesOrderLineItems: The following statements add two SalesOrderLineItems to the SalesOrder:

  INSERT INTO SalesOrderLineItems#TEMP (ProductID, Quantity) VALUES ('P001', 15)
  
  INSERT INTO SalesOrderLineItems#TEMP (ProductID, Quantity) VALUES ('P002', 10)

• BusinessPartners: The following statement specifies the existing BusinessPartner:

  INSERT INTO BusinessPartners#TEMP (BusinessPartnerID) 
  VALUES ('BP001')

Note: BusinessPartner can also be specified via the CustomerID property directly on the SalesOrder. This example is not using that column due to the possibility that a suitable foreign key may not always be available.

The Jitterbit Connector for SAP Gateway will assume that the BusinessPartner already exists and will only link to the existing references since only the primary keys was specified. When more than just the primary key is defined, such as the example for SalesOrderLines, the Jitterbit Connector for SAP Gateway will attempt to create new entries - triggering the deep insert.

Inserting the Entity

In the INSERT statement for the base entity, reference the temporary tables in the LinkedToLineItems and LinkedToBusinessPartner columns:

INSERT INTO SalesOrders (Note, LinkedToLineItems, LinkedToBusinessPartner) 
VALUES ('New sales order', 'SalesOrderLineItems#TEMP', 'BusinessPartners#TEMP')

Code Example

Below is the complete code to create the new ExternalUser:

Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(connectionStr);
Statement stat = conn.createStatement();
stat.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO SalesOrderLineItems#TEMP (ProductID, Quantity) VALUES ('P001', 15)");

stat.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO SalesOrderLineItems#TEMP (ProductID, Quantity) VALUES ('P002', 10)");

stat.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO BusinessPartners#TEMP (BusinessPartnerID) VALUES ('BP001')");

stat.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO SalesOrders (Note, LinkedToLineItems, LinkedToBusinessPartner) VALUES ('New sales order', 'SalesOrderLineItems#TEMP', 'BusinessPartners#TEMP')");

stat.close();

Modeling Navigation Properties

By default, the connector models Navigation Properties as separate views. The views are named in the format ParentTable_NavigationProperty.

Querying Navigation Properties

For an example of working with a navigation property as a view, consider the GWSAMPLE_BASIC service. The SalesOrder entity has the ToLineItems navigation property. The Jitterbit Connector for SAP Gateway will display a view called SalesOrders_ToLineItems. Retrieving data from SalesOrders_ToLineItems will display the SalesOrderLineItems objects associated with a given SalesOrder. The SalesOrders_ToLineItems view has a primary key made up of the ID of the parent entity and the ID of the related entity.

Note that the GWSAMPLE_BASIC sample service also contains foreign keys directly on each entity, such as a SalesOrderID directly on the SalesOrderLineItems table. In this case, the same effect can be achieved by simply retrieving data from the SalesOrderLineItems table directly. However, it is not a requirement in OData to have these foreign keys, nor is it a guarantee that each navigation property will be exposed individually as thier own table. Since there is no way of knowing beforehand what might be exposed on its own endpoint, the Jitterbit Connector for SAP Gateway will display both the view and the table. In general, it is best to use Tables when available, and views only when necessary (ie: not table is displayed, or no foreign keys can be used to identify relationships).

In OData, a navigation property is a property on an entity that is itself either a single entity or list of entities.

A single-entity navigation property signifies a one-to-one relationship. For example, consider the GWSAMPLE_BASIC SAP Gateway endpoint. The ProductSet contains a ToSupplier navigation property, which references a single BusinessPartner entity.

An entity set navigation property signifies a one-to-many relationship. For example, consider the GWSAMPLE_BASIC SAP Gateway endpoint. The ProductSet contains a ToSalesOrderLineItems navigation property, which references many SalesOrderLineItem objects.

Working with Navigation Properties Relationally

Navigation properties in OData link related entities. Similarly, in a relational database, a foreign key serves to link tables. For example, the SalesOrderLineItem record contains the ProductID column, which uniquely identifies what Product the SalesOrderLineItem is using.

Select

It can be used to retrieve associated entites. See Views for more information on querying navigation properties.

Insert

The connector supports OData deep inserts. See Tables for more information on specifying navigation properties when you create an entity.

Stored procedures* are available to complement the data available from the Data Model. It may be necessary to update data available from a view using a stored procedure* because the data does not provide for direct, table-like, two-way updates. In these situations, the retrieval of the data is done using the appropriate view or table, while the update is done by calling a stored procedure. Stored procedures* take a list of parameters and return back a dataset that contains the collection of tuples that constitute the response.

Jitterbit Connector for SAP Gateway Stored Procedures

Name	Description
GetOAuthAccessToken	Gets the OAuth access token from SAPGateway.
GetOAuthAuthorizationURL	Gets the SAPGateway authorization URL. Access the URL returned in the output in a Web browser. This requests the access token that can be used as part of the connection string to SAPGateway.
RefreshOAuthAccessToken	Refreshes the OAuth access token used for authentication with SAPGateway.

Gets the OAuth access token from SAPGateway.

Input

Name	Type	Required	Description
AuthMode	String	False	The type of authentication mode to use. The allowed values are APP, WEB.
Verifier	String	False	The verifier token returned by SAPGateway after using the URL obtained with GetOAuthAuthorizationURL. Required for only the Web AuthMode.
CallbackUrl	String	False	The URL the user will be redirected to after authorizing your application.
Scope	String	False	The scope or permissions you are requesting.
State	String	False	Any value that you wish to be sent with the callback.

Result Set Columns

Name	Type	Description
OAuthAccessToken	String	The authentication token returned from SAPGateway.
OAuthRefreshToken	String	A token that may be used to obtain a new access token.
ExpiresIn	String	The remaining lifetime for the access token in seconds.

Gets the SAPGateway authorization URL. Access the URL returned in the output in a Web browser. This requests the access token that can be used as part of the connection string to SAPGateway.

Input

Name	Type	Required	Description
CallbackUrl	String	True	The URL that SAPGateway will return to after the user has authorized your app.
Scope	String	True	The scope or permissions you are requesting.

Result Set Columns

Name	Type	Description
URL	String	The URL to be entered into a Web browser to obtain the verifier token and authorize the data provider with.

Refreshes the OAuth access token used for authentication with SAPGateway.

Input

Name	Type	Required	Description
OAuthRefreshToken	String	False	The refresh token used to refresh the old token.

Result Set Columns

Name	Type	Description
OAuthAccessToken	String	The authentication token returned from SAPGateway.
ExpiresIn	String	The remaining lifetime on the access token.

You can query the system tables described in this section to access schema information, information on data source functionality, and batch operation statistics.

Schema Tables

The following tables return database metadata for SAP Gateway:

• sys_catalogs: Lists the available databases.
• sys_schemas: Lists the available schemas.
• sys_tables: Lists the available tables and views.
• sys_tablecolumns: Describes the columns of the available tables and views.
• sys_procedures: Describes the available stored procedures.
• sys_procedureparameters: Describes stored procedure* parameters.
• sys_keycolumns: Describes the primary and foreign keys.
• sys_indexes: Describes the available indexes.

Data Source Tables

The following tables return information about how to connect to and query the data source:

• sys_connection_props: Returns information on the available connection properties.
• sys_sqlinfo: Describes the SELECT queries that the connector can offload to the data source.

Query Information Tables

The following table returns query statistics for data modification queries:

• sys_identity: Returns information about batch operations or single updates.

Lists the available databases.

The following query retrieves all databases determined by the connection string:

SELECT * FROM sys_catalogs

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The database name.

Lists the available schemas.

The following query retrieves all available schemas:

SELECT * FROM sys_schemas

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The database name.
SchemaName	String	The schema name.

Lists the available tables.

The following query retrieves the available tables and views:

SELECT * FROM sys_tables

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The database containing the table or view.
SchemaName	String	The schema containing the table or view.
TableName	String	The name of the table or view.
TableType	String	The table type (table or view).
Description	String	A description of the table or view.
IsUpdateable	Boolean	Whether the table can be updated.

Describes the columns of the available tables and views.

The following query returns the columns and data types for the SampleTable_1 table:

SELECT ColumnName, DataTypeName FROM sys_tablecolumns WHERE TableName='SampleTable_1' 

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The name of the database containing the table or view.
SchemaName	String	The schema containing the table or view.
TableName	String	The name of the table or view containing the column.
ColumnName	String	The column name.
DataTypeName	String	The data type name.
DataType	Int32	An integer indicating the data type. This value is determined at run time based on the environment.
Length	Int32	The storage size of the column.
DisplaySize	Int32	The designated column's normal maximum width in characters.
NumericPrecision	Int32	The maximum number of digits in numeric data. The column length in characters for character and date-time data.
NumericScale	Int32	The column scale or number of digits to the right of the decimal point.
IsNullable	Boolean	Whether the column can contain null.
Description	String	A brief description of the column.
Ordinal	Int32	The sequence number of the column.
IsAutoIncrement	String	Whether the column value is assigned in fixed increments.
IsGeneratedColumn	String	Whether the column is generated.
IsHidden	Boolean	Whether the column is hidden.
IsArray	Boolean	Whether the column is an array.

Lists the available stored procedures.

The following query retrieves the available stored procedures:

SELECT * FROM sys_procedures

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The database containing the stored procedure.
SchemaName	String	The schema containing the stored procedure.
ProcedureName	String	The name of the stored procedure.
Description	String	A description of the stored procedure.
ProcedureType	String	The type of the procedure, such as PROCEDURE or FUNCTION.

Describes stored procedure* parameters.

The following query returns information about all of the input parameters for the SampleProcedure stored procedure:

SELECT * FROM sys_procedureparameters WHERE ProcedureName='SampleProcedure' AND Direction=1 OR Direction=2

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The name of the database containing the stored procedure.
SchemaName	String	The name of the schema containing the stored procedure.
ProcedureName	String	The name of the stored procedure* containing the parameter.
ColumnName	String	The name of the stored procedure* parameter.
Direction	Int32	An integer corresponding to the type of the parameter: input (1), input/output (2), or output(4). input/output type parameters can be both input and output parameters.
DataTypeName	String	The name of the data type.
DataType	Int32	An integer indicating the data type. This value is determined at run time based on the environment.
Length	Int32	The number of characters allowed for character data. The number of digits allowed for numeric data.
NumericPrecision	Int32	The maximum precision for numeric data. The column length in characters for character and date-time data.
NumericScale	Int32	The number of digits to the right of the decimal point in numeric data.
IsNullable	Boolean	Whether the parameter can contain null.
IsRequired	Boolean	Whether the parameter is required for execution of the procedure.
IsArray	Boolean	Whether the parameter is an array.
Description	String	The description of the parameter.
Ordinal	Int32	The index of the parameter.

Describes the primary and foreign keys. The following query retrieves the primary key for the SampleTable_1 table:

SELECT * FROM sys_keycolumns WHERE IsKey='True' AND TableName='SampleTable_1' 

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The name of the database containing the key.
SchemaName	String	The name of the schema containing the key.
TableName	String	The name of the table containing the key.
ColumnName	String	The name of the key column.
IsKey	Boolean	Whether the column is a primary key in the table referenced in the TableName field.
IsForeignKey	Boolean	Whether the column is a foreign key referenced in the TableName field.
PrimaryKeyName	String	The name of the primary key.
ForeignKeyName	String	The name of the foreign key.
ReferencedCatalogName	String	The database containing the primary key.
ReferencedSchemaName	String	The schema containing the primary key.
ReferencedTableName	String	The table containing the primary key.
ReferencedColumnName	String	The column name of the primary key.

Describes the foreign keys. The following query retrieves all foreign keys which refer to other tables:

SELECT * FROM sys_foreignkeys WHERE ForeignKeyType = 'FOREIGNKEY_TYPE_IMPORT'

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The name of the database containing the key.
SchemaName	String	The name of the schema containing the key.
TableName	String	The name of the table containing the key.
ColumnName	String	The name of the key column.
PrimaryKeyName	String	The name of the primary key.
ForeignKeyName	String	The name of the foreign key.
ReferencedCatalogName	String	The database containing the primary key.
ReferencedSchemaName	String	The schema containing the primary key.
ReferencedTableName	String	The table containing the primary key.
ReferencedColumnName	String	The column name of the primary key.
ForeignKeyType	String	Designates whether the foreign key is an import (points to other tables) or export (referenced from other tables) key.

Describes the available indexes. By filtering on indexes, you can write more selective queries with faster query response times.

The following query retrieves all indexes that are not primary keys:

SELECT * FROM sys_indexes WHERE IsPrimary='false'

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The name of the database containing the index.
SchemaName	String	The name of the schema containing the index.
TableName	String	The name of the table containing the index.
IndexName	String	The index name.
ColumnName	String	The name of the column associated with the index.
IsUnique	Boolean	True if the index is unique. False otherwise.
IsPrimary	Boolean	True if the index is a primary key. False otherwise.
Type	Int16	An integer value corresponding to the index type: statistic (0), clustered (1), hashed (2), or other (3).
SortOrder	String	The sort order: A for ascending or D for descending.
OrdinalPosition	Int16	The sequence number of the column in the index.

Returns information on the available connection properties and those set in the connection string.

When querying this table, the config connection string should be used:

jdbc:cdata:sapgateway:config:

This connection string enables you to query this table without a valid connection.

The following query retrieves all connection properties that have been set in the connection string or set through a default value:

SELECT * FROM sys_connection_props WHERE Value <> ''

Columns

Name	Type	Description
Name	String	The name of the connection property.
ShortDescription	String	A brief description.
Type	String	The data type of the connection property.
Default	String	The default value if one is not explicitly set.
Values	String	A comma-separated list of possible values. A validation error is thrown if another value is specified.
Value	String	The value you set or a preconfigured default.
Required	Boolean	Whether the property is required to connect.
Category	String	The category of the connection property.
IsSessionProperty	String	Whether the property is a session property, used to save information about the current connection.
Sensitivity	String	The sensitivity level of the property. This informs whether the property is obfuscated in logging and authentication forms.
PropertyName	String	A camel-cased truncated form of the connection property name.
Ordinal	Int32	The index of the parameter.
CatOrdinal	Int32	The index of the parameter category.
Hierarchy	String	Shows dependent properties associated that need to be set alongside this one.
Visible	Boolean	Informs whether the property is visible in the connection UI.
ETC	String	Various miscellaneous information about the property.

Describes the SELECT query processing that the connector can offload to the data source.

Collaborative Query Processing

When working with data sources that do not support SQL-92, you can query the sys_sqlinfo view to determine the query capabilities of the underlying APIs, expressed in SQL syntax. The connector offloads as much of the SELECT statement processing as possible to the server and then processes the rest of the query in memory.

Discovering the Data Source's SELECT Capabilities

Below is an example data set of SQL capabilities. The following result set indicates the SELECT functionality that the connector can offload to the data source or process client side. Your data source may support additional SQL syntax. Some aspects of SELECT functionality are returned in a comma-separated list if supported; otherwise, the column contains NO.

Name	Description	Possible Values
AGGREGATE_FUNCTIONS	Supported aggregation functions.	AVG, COUNT, MAX, MIN, SUM, DISTINCT
COUNT	Whether COUNT function is supported.	YES, NO
IDENTIFIER_QUOTE_OPEN_CHAR	The opening character used to escape an identifier.	[
IDENTIFIER_QUOTE_CLOSE_CHAR	The closing character used to escape an identifier.	]
SUPPORTED_OPERATORS	A list of supported SQL operators.	=, >, <, >=, <=, <>, !=, LIKE, NOT LIKE, IN, NOT IN, IS NULL, IS NOT NULL, AND, OR
GROUP_BY	Whether GROUP BY is supported, and, if so, the degree of support.	NO, NO_RELATION, EQUALS_SELECT, SQL_GB_COLLATE
STRING_FUNCTIONS	Supported string functions.	LENGTH, CHAR, LOCATE, REPLACE, SUBSTRING, RTRIM, LTRIM, RIGHT, LEFT, UCASE, SPACE, SOUNDEX, LCASE, CONCAT, ASCII, REPEAT, OCTET, BIT, POSITION, INSERT, TRIM, UPPER, REGEXP, LOWER, DIFFERENCE, CHARACTER, SUBSTR, STR, REVERSE, PLAN, UUIDTOSTR, TRANSLATE, TRAILING, TO, STUFF, STRTOUUID, STRING, SPLIT, SORTKEY, SIMILAR, REPLICATE, PATINDEX, LPAD, LEN, LEADING, KEY, INSTR, INSERTSTR, HTML, GRAPHICAL, CONVERT, COLLATION, CHARINDEX, BYTE
NUMERIC_FUNCTIONS	Supported numeric functions.	ABS, ACOS, ASIN, ATAN, ATAN2, CEILING, COS, COT, EXP, FLOOR, LOG, MOD, SIGN, SIN, SQRT, TAN, PI, RAND, DEGREES, LOG10, POWER, RADIANS, ROUND, TRUNCATE
TIMEDATE_FUNCTIONS	Supported date/time functions.	NOW, CURDATE, DAYOFMONTH, DAYOFWEEK, DAYOFYEAR, MONTH, QUARTER, WEEK, YEAR, CURTIME, HOUR, MINUTE, SECOND, TIMESTAMPADD, TIMESTAMPDIFF, DAYNAME, MONTHNAME, CURRENT_DATE, CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, EXTRACT
REPLICATION_SKIP_TABLES	Indicates tables skipped during replication.
REPLICATION_TIMECHECK_COLUMNS	A string array containing a list of columns which will be used to check for (in the given order) to use as a modified column during replication.
IDENTIFIER_PATTERN	String value indicating what string is valid for an identifier.
SUPPORT_TRANSACTION	Indicates if the provider supports transactions such as commit and rollback.	YES, NO
DIALECT	Indicates the SQL dialect to use.
KEY_PROPERTIES	Indicates the properties which identify the uniform database.
SUPPORTS_MULTIPLE_SCHEMAS	Indicates if multiple schemas may exist for the provider.	YES, NO
SUPPORTS_MULTIPLE_CATALOGS	Indicates if multiple catalogs may exist for the provider.	YES, NO
DATASYNCVERSION	The Data Sync version needed to access this driver.	Standard, Starter, Professional, Enterprise
DATASYNCCATEGORY	The Data Sync category of this driver.	Source, Destination, Cloud Destination
SUPPORTSENHANCEDSQL	Whether enhanced SQL functionality beyond what is offered by the API is supported.	TRUE, FALSE
SUPPORTS_BATCH_OPERATIONS	Whether batch operations are supported.	YES, NO
SQL_CAP	All supported SQL capabilities for this driver.	SELECT, INSERT, DELETE, UPDATE, TRANSACTIONS, ORDERBY, OAUTH, ASSIGNEDID, LIMIT, LIKE, BULKINSERT, COUNT, BULKDELETE, BULKUPDATE, GROUPBY, HAVING, AGGS, OFFSET, REPLICATE, COUNTDISTINCT, JOINS, DROP, CREATE, DISTINCT, INNERJOINS, SUBQUERIES, ALTER, MULTIPLESCHEMAS, GROUPBYNORELATION, OUTERJOINS, UNIONALL, UNION, UPSERT, GETDELETED, CROSSJOINS, GROUPBYCOLLATE, MULTIPLECATS, FULLOUTERJOIN, MERGE, JSONEXTRACT, BULKUPSERT, SUM, SUBQUERIESFULL, MIN, MAX, JOINSFULL, XMLEXTRACT, AVG, MULTISTATEMENTS, FOREIGNKEYS, CASE, LEFTJOINS, COMMAJOINS, WITH, LITERALS, RENAME, NESTEDTABLES, EXECUTE, BATCH, BASIC, INDEX
PREFERRED_CACHE_OPTIONS	A string value specifies the preferred cacheOptions.
ENABLE_EF_ADVANCED_QUERY	Indicates if the driver directly supports advanced queries coming from Entity Framework. If not, queries will be handled client side.	YES, NO
PSEUDO_COLUMNS	A string array indicating the available pseudo columns.
MERGE_ALWAYS	If the value is true, The Merge Mode is forcibly executed in Data Sync.	TRUE, FALSE
REPLICATION_MIN_DATE_QUERY	A select query to return the replicate start datetime.
REPLICATION_MIN_FUNCTION	Allows a provider to specify the formula name to use for executing a server side min.
REPLICATION_START_DATE	Allows a provider to specify a replicate startdate.
REPLICATION_MAX_DATE_QUERY	A select query to return the replicate end datetime.
REPLICATION_MAX_FUNCTION	Allows a provider to specify the formula name to use for executing a server side max.
IGNORE_INTERVALS_ON_INITIAL_REPLICATE	A list of tables which will skip dividing the replicate into chunks on the initial replicate.
CHECKCACHE_USE_PARENTID	Indicates whether the CheckCache statement should be done against the parent key column.	TRUE, FALSE
CREATE_SCHEMA_PROCEDURES	Indicates stored procedures* that can be used for generating schema files.

The following query retrieves the operators that can be used in the WHERE clause:

SELECT * FROM sys_sqlinfo WHERE Name='SUPPORTED_OPERATORS'

Note that individual tables may have different limitations or requirements on the WHERE clause; refer to the Data Model section for more information.

Columns

Name	Type	Description
NAME	String	A component of SQL syntax, or a capability that can be processed on the server.
VALUE	String	Detail on the supported SQL or SQL syntax.

Returns information about attempted modifications.

The following query retrieves the Ids of the modified rows in a batch operation:

SELECT * FROM sys_identity

Columns

Name	Type	Description
Id	String	The database-generated ID returned from a data modification operation.
Batch	String	An identifier for the batch. 1 for a single operation.
Operation	String	The result of the operation in the batch: INSERTED, UPDATED, or DELETED.
Message	String	SUCCESS or an error message if the update in the batch failed.

The advanced configurations properties are the various options that can be used to establish a connection. This section provides a complete list of the options you can configure. Click the links for further details.

Authentication

---

Property	Description
AuthScheme	The type of authentication to use when connecting to SAP Gateway.
URL	Set this to the URL your SAP Gateway environment or to the full URL of the OData service.
Namespace	Specify the service namespace you want to retrieve data from. This is required if the service is not specified in the URL.
Service	Specify the service you want to retrieve data from. This is required if the service is not specified in the URL.
User	The SAP Gateway user account used to authenticate.
Password	The password used to authenticate the user.
APIKey	Set this to the key of the application you have created. If you set this, User and Password are not used for authentication.

OAuth

---

Property	Description
InitiateOAuth	Set this property to initiate the process to obtain or refresh the OAuth access token when you connect.
OAuthClientId	The client ID assigned when you register your application with an OAuth authorization server.
OAuthClientSecret	The client secret assigned when you register your application with an OAuth authorization server.
OAuthAccessToken	The access token for connecting using OAuth.
CallbackURL	The OAuth callback URL to return to when authenticating. This value must match the callback URL you specify in your app settings.
Scope	The permission scopes in space separated values. This is required when authenticating via OAuth2.0 flow.
OAuthVerifier	The verifier code returned from the OAuth authorization URL.
OAuthRefreshToken	The OAuth refresh token for the corresponding OAuth access token.
OAuthExpiresIn	The lifetime in seconds of the OAuth AccessToken.
OAuthTokenTimestamp	The Unix epoch timestamp in milliseconds when the current Access Token was created.

SSL

---

Property	Description
SSLServerCert	The certificate to be accepted from the server when connecting using TLS/SSL.

Schema

---

Property	Description
Location	A path to the directory that contains the schema files defining tables, views, and stored procedures.
BrowsableSchemas	This property restricts the schemas reported to a subset of the available schemas. For example, BrowsableSchemas=SchemaA, SchemaB, SchemaC.
Tables	This property restricts the tables reported to a subset of the available tables. For example, Tables=TableA, TableB, TableC.
Views	Restricts the views reported to a subset of the available tables. For example, Views=ViewA, ViewB, ViewC.
UseDisplayNames	Boolean determining whether or not to use SAP labels.

Miscellaneous

---

Property	Description
DataFormat	The data format to retrieve data in. Select either XML or JSON.
MaxRows	Limits the number of rows returned rows when no aggregation or group by is used in the query. This helps avoid performance issues at design time.
Other	These hidden properties are used only in specific use cases.
Pagesize	The maximum number of results to return per page from SAP Gateway.
PseudoColumns	This property indicates whether or not to include pseudo columns as columns to the table.
Timeout	The value in seconds until the timeout error is thrown, canceling the operation.

This section provides a complete list of authentication properties you can configure.

---

Property	Description
AuthScheme	The type of authentication to use when connecting to SAP Gateway.
URL	Set this to the URL your SAP Gateway environment or to the full URL of the OData service.
Namespace	Specify the service namespace you want to retrieve data from. This is required if the service is not specified in the URL.
Service	Specify the service you want to retrieve data from. This is required if the service is not specified in the URL.
User	The SAP Gateway user account used to authenticate.
Password	The password used to authenticate the user.
APIKey	Set this to the key of the application you have created. If you set this, User and Password are not used for authentication.

The type of authentication to use when connecting to SAP Gateway.

Possible Values

Auto, OAuth, Basic, Token

Data Type

string

Default Value

"Auto"

Remarks

• Auto: Lets the driver decide automatically based on the other connection properties you have set.
• OAuth: Set this to perform OAuth authentication.
• Basic: Set this to use BASIC user / password authentication.
• Token: Set this to authenticate using an APIKey.

Set this to the URL your SAP Gateway environment or to the full URL of the OData service.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

Set this to the URL your SAP Gateway environment or to the full URL of the OData service.

Specify the service namespace you want to retrieve data from. This is required if the service is not specified in the URL.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

Specify the namespace you want to retrieve data from. For example, in the external OData service, http://services.odata.org/Northwind/Northwind.svc/ , 'Northwind' is the Service Namespace. This is required if the service is not specified in the URL.

Specify the service you want to retrieve data from. This is required if the service is not specified in the URL.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

Specify the service you want to retrieve data from. This is required if the service is not specified in the URL.

The SAP Gateway user account used to authenticate.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

Together with Password, this field is used to authenticate against the SAP Gateway server.

The password used to authenticate the user.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

The User and Password are together used to authenticate with the server.

Set this to the key of the application you have created. If you set this, User and Password are not used for authentication.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

Set this to the key of the application you have created. If you set this, User and Password are not used for authentication.

This section provides a complete list of OAuth properties you can configure.

---

Property	Description
InitiateOAuth	Set this property to initiate the process to obtain or refresh the OAuth access token when you connect.
OAuthClientId	The client ID assigned when you register your application with an OAuth authorization server.
OAuthClientSecret	The client secret assigned when you register your application with an OAuth authorization server.
OAuthAccessToken	The access token for connecting using OAuth.
CallbackURL	The OAuth callback URL to return to when authenticating. This value must match the callback URL you specify in your app settings.
Scope	The permission scopes in space separated values. This is required when authenticating via OAuth2.0 flow.
OAuthVerifier	The verifier code returned from the OAuth authorization URL.
OAuthRefreshToken	The OAuth refresh token for the corresponding OAuth access token.
OAuthExpiresIn	The lifetime in seconds of the OAuth AccessToken.
OAuthTokenTimestamp	The Unix epoch timestamp in milliseconds when the current Access Token was created.

Set this property to initiate the process to obtain or refresh the OAuth access token when you connect.

Possible Values

OFF, GETANDREFRESH, REFRESH

Data Type

string

Default Value

"OFF"

Remarks

The following options are available:

1. OFF: Indicates that the OAuth flow will be handled entirely by the user. An OAuthAccessToken will be required to authenticate.
2. GETANDREFRESH: Indicates that the entire OAuth Flow will be handled by the connector. If no token currently exists, it will be obtained by prompting the user via the browser. If a token exists, it will be refreshed when applicable.
3. REFRESH: Indicates that the connector will only handle refreshing the OAuthAccessToken. The user will never be prompted by the connector to authenticate via the browser. The user must handle obtaining the OAuthAccessToken and OAuthRefreshToken initially.

The client ID assigned when you register your application with an OAuth authorization server.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

As part of registering an OAuth application, you will receive the OAuthClientId value, sometimes also called a consumer key, and a client secret, the OAuthClientSecret.

The client secret assigned when you register your application with an OAuth authorization server.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

As part of registering an OAuth application, you will receive the OAuthClientId, also called a consumer key. You will also receive a client secret, also called a consumer secret. Set the client secret in the OAuthClientSecret property.

The access token for connecting using OAuth.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

The OAuthAccessToken property is used to connect using OAuth. The OAuthAccessToken is retrieved from the OAuth server as part of the authentication process. It has a server-dependent timeout and can be reused between requests.

The access token is used in place of your user name and password. The access token protects your credentials by keeping them on the server.

The OAuth callback URL to return to when authenticating. This value must match the callback URL you specify in your app settings.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

During the authentication process, the OAuth authorization server redirects the user to this URL. This value must match the callback URL you specify in your app settings.

The permission scopes in space separated values. This is required when authenticating via OAuth2.0 flow.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

The permission scopes you have configured when creating the service user for the OAuth 2.0 client, in space separated values. This is required when authenticating via OAuth2.0 flow.

The verifier code returned from the OAuth authorization URL.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

The verifier code returned from the OAuth authorization URL. This can be used on systems where a browser cannot be launched such as headless systems.

Authentication on Headless Machines

See to obtain the OAuthVerifier value.

Set OAuthSettingsLocation along with OAuthVerifier. When you connect, the connector exchanges the OAuthVerifier for the OAuth authentication tokens and saves them, encrypted, to the specified file. Set InitiateOAuth to GETANDREFRESH automate the exchange.

Once the OAuth settings file has been generated, you can remove OAuthVerifier from the connection properties and connect with OAuthSettingsLocation set.

To automatically refresh the OAuth token values, set OAuthSettingsLocation and additionally set InitiateOAuth to REFRESH.

The OAuth refresh token for the corresponding OAuth access token.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

The OAuthRefreshToken property is used to refresh the OAuthAccessToken when using OAuth authentication.

The lifetime in seconds of the OAuth AccessToken.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

Pair with OAuthTokenTimestamp to determine when the AccessToken will expire.

The Unix epoch timestamp in milliseconds when the current Access Token was created.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

Pair with OAuthExpiresIn to determine when the AccessToken will expire.

This section provides a complete list of SSL properties you can configure.

---

Property	Description
SSLServerCert	The certificate to be accepted from the server when connecting using TLS/SSL.

The certificate to be accepted from the server when connecting using TLS/SSL.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

If using a TLS/SSL connection, this property can be used to specify the TLS/SSL certificate to be accepted from the server. Any other certificate that is not trusted by the machine is rejected.

This property can take the following forms:

Description	Example
A full PEM Certificate (example shortened for brevity)	-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIIChTCCAe4CAQAwDQYJKoZIhv......Qw== -----END CERTIFICATE-----
A path to a local file containing the certificate	C:\cert.cer
The public key (example shortened for brevity)	-----BEGIN RSA PUBLIC KEY----- MIGfMA0GCSq......AQAB -----END RSA PUBLIC KEY-----
The MD5 Thumbprint (hex values can also be either space or colon separated)	ecadbdda5a1529c58a1e9e09828d70e4
The SHA1 Thumbprint (hex values can also be either space or colon separated)	34a929226ae0819f2ec14b4a3d904f801cbb150d

If not specified, any certificate trusted by the machine is accepted.

Certificates are validated as trusted by the machine based on the System's trust store. The trust store used is the 'javax.net.ssl.trustStore' value specified for the system. If no value is specified for this property, Java's default trust store is used (for example, JAVA_HOME\lib\security\cacerts).

Use '*' to signify to accept all certificates. Note that this is not recommended due to security concerns.

This section provides a complete list of schema properties you can configure.

---

Property	Description
Location	A path to the directory that contains the schema files defining tables, views, and stored procedures.
BrowsableSchemas	This property restricts the schemas reported to a subset of the available schemas. For example, BrowsableSchemas=SchemaA, SchemaB, SchemaC.
Tables	This property restricts the tables reported to a subset of the available tables. For example, Tables=TableA, TableB, TableC.
Views	Restricts the views reported to a subset of the available tables. For example, Views=ViewA, ViewB, ViewC.
UseDisplayNames	Boolean determining whether or not to use SAP labels.

A path to the directory that contains the schema files defining tables, views, and stored procedures.

Data Type

string

Default Value

"%APPDATA%\\SAPGateway Data Provider\Schema"

Remarks

The path to a directory which contains the schema files for the connector (.rsd files for tables and views, .rsb files for stored procedures). The folder location can be a relative path from the location of the executable. The Location property is only needed if you want to customize definitions (for example, change a column name, ignore a column, and so on) or extend the data model with new tables, views, or stored procedures.

If left unspecified, the default location is "%APPDATA%\\SAPGateway Data Provider\Schema" with %APPDATA% being set to the user's configuration directory:

Platform	%APPDATA%
Windows	The value of the APPDATA environment variable
Mac	~/Library/Application Support
Linux	~/.config

This property restricts the schemas reported to a subset of the available schemas. For example, BrowsableSchemas=SchemaA,SchemaB,SchemaC.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

Listing the schemas from databases can be expensive. Providing a list of schemas in the connection string improves the performance.

This property restricts the tables reported to a subset of the available tables. For example, Tables=TableA,TableB,TableC.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

Listing the tables from some databases can be expensive. Providing a list of tables in the connection string improves the performance of the connector.

This property can also be used as an alternative to automatically listing views if you already know which ones you want to work with and there would otherwise be too many to work with.

Specify the tables you want in a comma-separated list. Each table should be a valid SQL identifier with any special characters escaped using square brackets, double-quotes or backticks. For example, Tables=TableA,[TableB/WithSlash],WithCatalog.WithSchema.`TableC With Space`.

Note that when connecting to a data source with multiple schemas or catalogs, you will need to provide the fully qualified name of the table in this property, as in the last example here, to avoid ambiguity between tables that exist in multiple catalogs or schemas.

Restricts the views reported to a subset of the available tables. For example, Views=ViewA,ViewB,ViewC.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

Listing the views from some databases can be expensive. Providing a list of views in the connection string improves the performance of the connector.

This property can also be used as an alternative to automatically listing views if you already know which ones you want to work with and there would otherwise be too many to work with.

Specify the views you want in a comma-separated list. Each view should be a valid SQL identifier with any special characters escaped using square brackets, double-quotes or backticks. For example, Views=ViewA,[ViewB/WithSlash],WithCatalog.WithSchema.`ViewC With Space`.

Note that when connecting to a data source with multiple schemas or catalogs, you will need to provide the fully qualified name of the table in this property, as in the last example here, to avoid ambiguity between tables that exist in multiple catalogs or schemas.

Boolean determining whether or not to use SAP labels.

Data Type

bool

Default Value

false

Remarks

Boolean determining whether or not to use SAP labels.

If set to true, the labels you have configured in your account for the OData properties, will serve as column names. Otherwise, the name of the property will be the column name.

This section provides a complete list of miscellaneous properties you can configure.

---

Property	Description
DataFormat	The data format to retrieve data in. Select either XML or JSON.
MaxRows	Limits the number of rows returned rows when no aggregation or group by is used in the query. This helps avoid performance issues at design time.
Other	These hidden properties are used only in specific use cases.
Pagesize	The maximum number of results to return per page from SAP Gateway.
PseudoColumns	This property indicates whether or not to include pseudo columns as columns to the table.
Timeout	The value in seconds until the timeout error is thrown, canceling the operation.

The data format to retrieve data in. Select either XML or JSON.

Possible Values

XML, JSON

Data Type

string

Default Value

"XML"

Remarks

The data format to retrieve data in. Possible values are JSON and XML. If not specified, XML will be set by default.

Limits the number of rows returned rows when no aggregation or group by is used in the query. This helps avoid performance issues at design time.

Data Type

int

Default Value

-1

Remarks

Limits the number of rows returned rows when no aggregation or group by is used in the query. This helps avoid performance issues at design time.

These hidden properties are used only in specific use cases.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

The properties listed below are available for specific use cases. Normal driver use cases and functionality should not require these properties.

Specify multiple properties in a semicolon-separated list.

Integration and Formatting

DefaultColumnSize	Sets the default length of string fields when the data source does not provide column length in the metadata. The default value is 2000.
ConvertDateTimeToGMT	Determines whether to convert date-time values to GMT, instead of the local time of the machine.
RecordToFile=filename	Records the underlying socket data transfer to the specified file.

The maximum number of results to return per page from SAP Gateway.

Data Type

int

Default Value

5000

Remarks

The Pagesize property affects the maximum number of results to return per page from SAP Gateway. Setting a higher value may result in better performance at the cost of additional memory allocated per page consumed.

This property indicates whether or not to include pseudo columns as columns to the table.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

This setting is particularly helpful in Entity Framework, which does not allow you to set a value for a pseudo column unless it is a table column. The value of this connection setting is of the format "Table1=Column1, Table1=Column2, Table2=Column3". You can use the "*" character to include all tables and all columns; for example, "*=*".

The value in seconds until the timeout error is thrown, canceling the operation.

Data Type

int

Default Value

60

Remarks

If Timeout = 0, operations do not time out. The operations run until they complete successfully or until they encounter an error condition.

If Timeout expires and the operation is not yet complete, the connector throws an exception.